The Word Foundation
Goverana iri peji



THE

WORD

Vol. 12 MARCH 1911 Nha. 6

Copyright 1911 naHW PERCIVAL

USHAMWARI

(Yapera)

DZIMWE hushoma chaihwo hushamwari hwechokwadi munyika, nekuti varume vashoma ndeechokwadi zvakakwana kuti vave neushamwari hwechokwadi. Ushamwari hahugone kukura munzvimbo yemanyepo. Hushamwari hunoda hunhu kuti hunyatsoburitsa pachena, uye kunze kwekunge kuve nekuvimbika kwekuratidzira ushamwari hauchararama. Munhu ishamwari yake yepamoyo kana aine hushamwari muhukama hwake.

Pfungwa dzinokwezva pfungwa uye dzinozadza pfungwa. Kuwanikwa kweshamwari kwakafanana nekuuya kwehupenyu kune rumwe rutivi rwemwe pfungwa yepamoyo. Kana shamwariwanikwa shamwari hushamwari hunenge husina kukwana nekuti chero pfungwa dzakakwana. Vaviri vane zvikanganiso zvisingaverengeki uye zvikanganiso, uye uye havafungi kutarisira kuti shamwari yake inofanira kuratidza kukwana uko iye asina kusvika. Hushamwari hahugone kubvumidzwa seyakafanana nehembe. Vanozivana vanogona kusarudzwa, asi hushamwari hunoronga ivo. Shamwari dzichakweverwa pamwe chete sezvisikirwo semagineti inokwezva iron.

Hushamwari hunorambidza kuendesa pfungwa, kuendesa kuzvikumbiro, kana bofu richitevera kutungamirwa kweshamwari yedu. Hushamwari hunoda munhu kuti akoshese zvaanotenda, kuti ave akazvimirira mukufunga, uye kuti ape remonstrance inonzwisisika uye kuramba kune zvese zvisingatendwi zvakanaka kushamwari yake. Hushamwari hunoda simba rekumira wega kana zvichidikanwa.

Mukuverenga bhuku rakanaka, kunzwa kwerudzi kunowanzo kumutswa nemunyori kana achizarura chimwe chinhu kwatiri uye anonyora mumashoko anorarama pfungwa yekuti isu takagara kwenguva refu. Ipfungwa yedu pachedu yakanyepedzera, sekunge takazvitaura. Isu tinotenda kuti yakapihwa fomu mumazwi. Tinogona kunge tisina kuona munyori, mazana emakore anogona kunge apfuura kubva paakayenda pasi, asi achirarama, nekuti akafunga kufunga kwedu uye akataura iwo mafungiro kwatiri. Tinonzwa kuti arikumba nesu uye ishamwari yedu uye tinonzwa tiri pamwe naye kumba.

Nevatisingazive isu pachedu. Ivo havazotitenderi. Ivo havazive. Neshamwari yedu isu hatigone kubatsira kuve isu pachedu, nekuti iye anotiziva. Iko kushamwaridzana kuripo kutsanangurwa kwakawanda hazvifanirwe isu tinonzwa kuti shamwari yedu yatinzwisisa.

Vanhu vanotaura kana kufunga nezveshamwari ndeimwe yedzimwe makirasi maviri: avo vanozviona sehukama hwezvemanzwiro, uye nevanozvitaura sehukama hwepfungwa. Iko hakuna kusanganiswa kweaviri, kana kirasi yechitatu. Varume vanoona kushamwaridzana kuve kwepfungwa ndeemhando mbiri. Mumwe anozviziva kuti ndezvemweya, pfungwa dzemweya, mumwe anozvifunga sehukama hwepfungwa kana hwehunyanzvi. Varume vanozviona sekuve kwemanzwiro zvakare ari emarudzi maviri. Avo vanozviona sehukama hwekuda kufadza pfungwa uye kugutsa zvishuwo kana manzwiro, uye nevanozvitora sechinhu chenyama, maererano nezvinhu zvemuviri.

Iye murume anoverengera kushamwaridzana sechipfeko chemuviri anoumba fungidziro yake pane zvakanyatsoomarara. Izvi anosarudza kuti chii murume akakosha mumari uye nezvinhu, uye mukurumbira izvo ivo vanopa iye. Iye anofungidzira kufungidzira kwake pasina manzwiro kana manzwiro. Iye anotarisa hushamwari mune imwe nyaya yechokwadi, pane izvo zvakafanira kwaari. Icho chaanoti hushamwari chinogara kwenguva refu sekunge shamwari yake iramba zvinhu zvake, asi zvinopera kana zvaraswa. Ipapo hapana manzwiro mazhinji pamusoro pazvo; ane urombo kuti shamwari yake yakarasikirwa nehupfumi, uye iye shamwari yake, asi anowana imwe ine mari yekutora nzvimbo yeiya yakaraswa kwaari. Zvinenge zvisingaremekedzi kutaura saizvozvo nezveshamwari.

Huwandu hukuru hweavo vanotaura nezvehushamwari ndehwechipiri dzekirasi yekutanga. Hunhu hwehushamwari hwavo ndehwemweya uye ndehwemanzwiro. Izvi zvinoshanda kune avo vane nzanga inofarira uye vanotsvaga mumwe nemumwe kuti vawane mhedzisiro yavo, sevanamati venharaunda uye kune avo vane moyo vane hushamwari, vari kudzorwa nemanzwiro avo. Mudenderedzwa iri vanosanganisirwa avo vanoshuvira hunhu, avo vanonzwa kugutsikana chete kana vari mumamiriro ekunze. Vanodaidza avo vanovafadza zvikuru shamwari, kwete nekuda kwezvakanakira zvekuita zvepfungwa, asi nekuda kwekubvumirana kweiyo yemagineti yemagineti yekuvapo kwavo. Izvi zvinogara kwenguva refu sekufunga kwavo uye zvishuvo zvichikodzera kune mumwe nemumwe. Psychic kana kushuva kushamwaridzana kunochinja kana kupera kana chimiro chechimwe chikamu chechido, chiri chisungo chavo, chinoshanduka. Izvi ndizvo zvechero mari uye kuda kushamwaridzana.

Pfungwa dzinoshanda kuburikidza nezvido uye zvine chekuita navo, zvakadaro kunyange izvo zviri zvenyama kana zvenyika yekuda vanogona kunzwisisa hushamwari. Hukama hweushamwari hunonyanya kukosha hwepfungwa. Vaya chete vanogona kunzwisisa hushamwari vanohutora kunge hwepfungwa kwete hwehunhu, kana hwemuviri, hukama neizvo zvinhu kana zvido nemanzwiro ehunhu uhu. Zvinhu zvepasirese zvepanyika uye zvishuwo zvehunhu zvingave zvinoenderana nemazwi akadai sekuzvifarira, kana kuda, kana kukwezva, kana kudanana, uye anogona kunge achibvumirana, asi haasi ushamwari. Kufunga kana kunzwisisa kwehunyoro hwepfungwa nepfungwa ndiko kutanga kwehushamwari chaihwo, uye hukama pakati peavo vanozviona hunogona kunzi hushamwari hwepfungwa. Ushamwari hwekirasi ino huri pakati pevaya vari akafanana hunhu uye akafanana pfungwa, kana avo vane akafanana kana akafanana chimiro mune pfungwa. Ivo vanokwezvwa kune mumwe nemumwe nekuwirirana kwepfungwa kukoshesa kwehunhu uye chinangwa chekufunga uye kwakanak, kuzvimiririra nezvinhu zvemuviri, kana kukwezva nenharaunda yezvinofarira, kana nehukasha hwepfungwa, kana nehunhu hwemagineti yekuda. Hushamwari hunoratidzika kubva uye pamusoro hunhu hwevanhu uye zvavanofarira uye zvikanganiso uye maitiro. Hushamwari hunogona kuumbwa pakati pevakaderera nevakakurumbira uye pakati pevaya dzidzo yakaenzana uye chinzvimbo muhupenyu.

Ushamwari hwepfungwa hunofanira kusiyaniswa sekuve hwemhando yepamusoro uye hunhu. Izvi zvinoratidzwa ne chiitiko uye hukama hwepfungwa nepfungwa zvakisiyana kubva pane kufunga kwemari uye hunhu nemaitiro ehunhu. Kuvapo kwenyama kwehunhu hakuna kudikanwa kushamwari pakati pepfungwa. Kana hukama hwacho huchibvumirana kune mumwe nemumwe uye kune imwe neimwe pfungwa ivo vanowanzodiwa, sezvavanobvumira pfungwa kuti dziite pasina kudzora. Asi hunhu hunogonawo kuve hwebasa mukuedza uye kuratidza simba uye kuvimbika kwehushamwari. Nekuda kwekusiyana kwekuravira, maitiro, maitiro uye mataurire ehukama hweshamwari, imwe nguva inogona kuita seinopokana kune mumwe, kana achinzwa kusagadzikana kana kurwara kusununguka pakambani yake. Hunhu hunogona kupfupika uye maitiro ake anopesana neshamwari yake, anogona kutaura zvaanofunga uye izvi zvingave zvinopesana neumwe, asi ivo vane hunhu hwakafanana uye vanonzwa vane hukama mundangariro. Kana hushamwari huchinyatsonzwisisika pakati pevaviri, chero kupaza nekuda kwehunhu hwavo hwekutaurisa kunogona kugadziriswa nyore. Asi kana kushamwaridzana kusinganzwisiswi uye kana humwe hunhu hwakasimba kwazvo, hushamwari huchatsemuka kana kurambwa. Shamwari dzakawanda dzinoumbwa dzinoita sedzisinganzwisisike. Hunhu husina kutsarukana, hukasha, hune shungu, kana hunhu kana hune bhuruu hwezvimwe zvisingaiti hunogona kuvhara pfungwa yesimba rakakura uye rakakosha. Imwe pfungwa yesimba risingaperi ingangove iine hunhu hunowoneka uye hwakanaka, hune hunhu hwakadzidziswa kune hunhu hwevanhu vane rukudzo. Iko kushamwaridzana kuripo pakati peakadai, pfungwa dzinobvumirana, asi hunhu hwavo hunopesana. Idzo hushamwari hunonyanya kufarirwa, kunyangwe kazhinji husina kunaka, ndevaya vanhu vane zvigaro zvakafanana, vane zvivakwa zvakaringana, uye vanodzidziswa uye kubereka izvo zvakavapa mwero wakafanana wetsika, uye vane zvinangwa zvakafanana. Izvi zvinokwezva kune mumwe nemumwe, asi hushamwari hwavo hunogona kunge husina kubatsira sekunge hunhu hwavo hwaive hwakaipokana, nekuti, pazvinowonekwa mamiriro ezvinhu nemamiriro ezvinhu zvinobvumirana hakuzove nehukama hwehunhu hwekuchengetedza nekuvandudza hushamwari.

Hwechokwadi hushamwari hwepfungwa hunotanga kana hunoumbwa nekubatana uye kukoshesa kwepfungwa nepfungwa. Izvi zvinogona kukonzerwa nekushamwaridzana, kana pasina mumwe angaone mumwe. Humwe hushamwari hwakasimba hwakaumbwa uko pasina shamwari yaaiona mumwe. Muenzaniso wakacherechedzwa ndewehushamwari hwaEmerson naCarlyle. Rudzi rwepfungwa rwakagamuchirwa uye kukosheswa naEmerson paakaverenga "Sartor Resartus." Mumunyori webhuku iro Emerson akangoziva shamwari, uye nekutaura naCarlyle uyo ainyatsofarira pfungwa dzaEmerson. Gare gare Emerson akashanyira Carlyle. Hunhu hwavo hwainge husina kubvumirana, asi kushamwaridzana kwavo kwakapfuurira kuburikidza nehupenyu, uye hakuna kupera.

Hushamwari hwomweya hwemweya, kana hushamwari hweMweya, hwakavakirwa pazivo yehukama hwepfungwa nepfungwa. Iyi zivo haisi yekunzwa, kwete yekufunga, kana mhedzisiro yehukobvu hwepfungwa. Iko kudzikama, kwakasimba, kusimba-kwakadzika kwesimba, semhedzisiro yekuziva nezvayo. Iyo inofanirwa kusiyaniswa kubva kune mamwe marudzi eushamwari mune iyo, apo imwe neimwe yemamwe marudzi inogona kuchinja kana kupera, kushamwaridzana kwechimiro chemweya hakugone kupera. Imhedzisiro yehurefu hwehukama pakati pepfungwa mune iyo ruzivo chisungo chemweya chekubatana. Kune mashoma ushamwari hwekirasi ino, nekuti vashoma vanhu muhupenyu vakakudziridza chimiro chemweya nekutsvaga zivo pamusoro pezvimwe zvinhu zvese. Hushamwari hwomweya hwomweya hahuremo pamafomu echitendero. Iyo haina kugadzirwa nemifungo yevamwari. Ushamwari hwomweya hwakakura kupfuura zvimiro zvese zvechitendero. Zvitendero zvinofanirwa kupfuura, asi hushamwari hweMweya hunorarama nekusingaperi. Avo vanoona mune chekunamata hushamwari havatungamirwe nehunhu idzo munhu angave akabata, kana nezvishuwo nemanzwiro ayo anogona kuve anoonekera, kana nechero zvipi zvinhu zvepanyama, kana kushomeka kwavo. Hushamwari hwakavakirwa pane hwomweya hwepfungwa hunogara mukati mezvinhu zvese zvakadzika. Ushamwari hwepfungwa hunogona kunge hwakabviswa nekushandurwa kwezvibodzwa uye kupesana kweunhu hunopesana. Idzi hushamwari hunodaidzwa kuti psychic uye hwepanyama haisi hushamwari chaihwo.

Izvo zviviri zvakakosha zveshamwari ndezve, kutanga, kuti pfungwa uye chiito cheimwe ndezvakanakira kunaka uye kugara kwemumwe; uye chechipiri, kuti imwe neimwe inoita kuti imwe ive nerusununguko mukufunga uye nekuita.

Mukati meyepfungwa dzese mune iyo hurongwa hwedenga, hwekuti pfungwa dzese dzidzidze humwe huMwari, uye huMwari hwedzimwe pfungwa, uye pakupedzisira vanozoziva kubatana kwevese. Iyi zivo inotanga neushamwari. Hushamwari hunotanga nemanzwiro kana kucherechedzwa kwoukama. Kana hushamwari huchinzwikwa kune mumwe hunosvika kune vaviri kana vanopfuura, uye kumatenduru akapamhama, kusvikira mumwe ave shamwari yevese. Kuziva kwehukama hwezvisikwa zvese kunofanira kudzidziswa murume achiri muhunhu. Munhu anodzidza kubva pahunhu hwake. Iye haagoni kudzidza pasina icho. Kuburikidza neunhu hwake munhu anoita uye anodzidza shamwari. Ipapo anodzidza kuti hushamwari hahusi hwounhu, hwakaipa, asi hwepfungwa, hwahwa uye hunoshandisa hunhu. Gare gare, anokwidziridza ushamwari hwake uye anohuziva mune hwomweya hwepfungwa; anobva aziva nezvehushamwari hwese, uye anova shamwari yevose.