THE

WORD

♓︎

GHOSTS

(Inoenderera mberi)

Pfungwa Dzidzimu dzeVarume Vapenyu

RAKWANI kana dzinza rekufunga zvipoko zvinokonzerwa neyakaunganidzwa pfungwa yerudzi kana vanhu vakatenderedza nenyaya, zvine hukama nemweya weko wechikamu chepasi icho chavakabatanidzwa mufungwa. Pakati pemipoko yakadaro kune mweya yenyika tsika, ghost yehondo, ghostism yechinangwa, mweya wekutengesa, uye chipoko chechitendero.

Iyo tsika ghost yemujaho mupenyu ndeyese huwandu hwerudzi kana budiriro yedzinza mukuravira uye budiriro, kunyanya sekuverenga, hunyanzvi uye hurumende. Chipenga chetsika chinotungamira vanhu kuti vazadzikise pamwe chete nemitsetse yenyika mumabhuku, muhunyanzvi, uye nekucherechedzwa kwekunakidzwa kwenzanga uye zvinonakidza. Gonyeti rakadaro rinogona kushivirira kufungidzira kana kunyudzwa nevanhu vezvimwe zvinhu zvehupenyu hwerumwe nyika, asi iyo tsika yenyika mweya inokonzeresa nekugadzirisa izvo zvichangobva kugamuchirwa zvinhu kuitira kuti zvienderane nehunhu hwegariro renyika.

Chipenga chehondo ipfungwa yenyika uye yekuda kuenda kuhondo, inotsigirwa nemifungo yevanhu vese. Iwo mafungiro pamwechete.

Akin kune gonyeti rehondo uye kune mweya wegambi ndiyo mweya yekufungidzira yenyika, iyo inowedzera nekuwedzerwa nekufunga kwemwanakomana wega wevhu. Matongo akasvibira, matombo makomo, makomo akasvibirira, ivhu risingagoneki, anofarirwa neiyi gonyeti zvakanyanya kana kupfuura minda yegoridhe, zviteshi zvezvakachengetedzeka nenyika dzakapfuma.

Mhepo yekutengeserana inomuka kubva mupfungwa dzevanhu pamusoro pezvavanoda zvehupfumi maererano nemvura, ivhu nemhepo yenzvimbo yavo yepasi, ndiko kuti, zviwanikwa zvavo zvakasarudzika, mamiriro ekunze, nharaunda uye zvinodiwa. Vanhu vakaunzwa kubva kune dzimwe nyika vanowedzera izvo zvingave zvinokodzera, asi zvichitungamirwa nomweya wenyika.

Pasi pemazano anounganidza ekutengesa, kutenga, kubhadhara, uye kubata pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aya hunhu hwakajeka hwenyika pfungwa dzinogadzirwa. Ivo vanganzi nzanga yenyika yekufungidzira yekutengeserana. Kuvapo kweichi chipoko, kunyange chisina kudanwa zita iri-kunonzwikwa nevatorwa vanouya kune imwe nyika, zvakasiyana neyekutengeserana kwenyika yavo. Iyi fungidziro yekufungidzira yevarume vapenyu inozogara chero bedzi varume vachitsigira nepfungwa uye nesimba ravo.

Chitendero chaifunga kuti chipoko chinosiyana kubva kune dzimwe nyika pfungwa zvipoko, pakuti dzimwe nguva inotonga nyika dzinoverengeka kana zvikamu zvemarudzi akati wandei. Igadziriro yokunamata kworudzidziso yakavakirwa muchimiro chakaenzanisirwa nomufungo wakaparira rudzidziso, nendangariro idzo, kunyange zvazvo dzaororwa nomufungo iwoyo, dzichigere kutadza kunzwisisa zvokwadi yawo nerevo yawo. Vanhu vanofudza mweya nokufunga kwavo; kuzvipira kwavo uye nehunhu hwemoyo yavo zvinobuda kutsigira chipoko. Mweya unova simba rehudzvinyiriri uye rinomanikidzira pamusoro pepfungwa dzevanhu. Vanamati varo vanodavira kuti ndicho chinhu chakanakisisa uye chinoshamisa uye chine simba munyika yose.

Asi munhu anonamata mweya wechinamato anoona mune chero chinamato chipoko chinongori chidhira chisina chinhu, uye anoshamisika kuti vanhu vangade sei chinhu icho chisina kuchena, chinosekesa uye chine hutsinye. Ehe, mweya wechinamato hausi chitendero, kana pfungwa yakatorwa kwayakatora.

Zera iri rinotemerwa nekuita kwepfungwa pane zvimwe zvikamu zvepasi, uye nekudaro zvichikonzera budiriro mune vamwe uye kudzoka mune vamwe. Chizvarwa, kungofanana nezvikamu zvidiki zvehupenyu hwerudzi uye nevanhu vamwe, zvine chipfungwa chavo chefungidziro, ndiyo huwandu hwepfungwa huripo huchiyerera mune imwe nzira mukati menguva iyoyo. Mune zera rimwe pfungwa yakakurisa ichave yechitendero, zvakare yezvakavanzika, zvakare yemabhuku, emakwikwi, feudalism, democracy.

Uhwu ipfupiso yezvakabva, masikirwo, mugumo uye magumo evamwe, vemhuri nemadzinza emafungiro ehupenyu.

Imwe neimwe mweya yekufungidzira, kubva kune yega ghost kusvika kune mweya wezera, ine kutanga kwayo, nguva yekuvaka, nguva yemasimba nemagumo. Pakati pekutanga uye kumagumo, zviitiko zvacho zvakakura kana zvishoma pasi pemutemo wepasirese wemjikelezo. Nguva yekutenderera inocherechedzwa nekubatana kwepfungwa dzinogadzira nekupa mweya mweya. Kuguma kwekupedzisira kutenderera ndiko kuguma kwemweya.

Magonyeti emunhu mupenyu - mweya wemuviri, mweya wechido, uye mweya wekufunga - ungabatana nemadhigree akasiyana uye akanyanya. Iwo mweya wemufi ndiyo yeredral, yepanyama-muviri fomu iyo inobata masero uye zvinhu zvemuviri, inonzi muviri wenyama, munzvimbo (ona The Word, Nyamavhuvhu 1913, "Mahosi". Chipenga chechido ndiyo fomu inotorwa pasi pemamwe mamiriro nechikamu chechido che cosmic, yakasimudzirwa uye yakagovaniswa nemurume (ona The Word, Nyamavhuvhu 1913, "Mahosi". Chipoko chekufunga chemurume mupenyu ndicho chinhu chinogadzirwa munyika yepfungwa nekuenderera mberi kwechinhu chepfungwa yake munzira imwechete (ona The Word, Zvita, 1913, "Mahosi").

Kune akawanda masanganiswa emipoko yemurume mupenyu. Mukubatanidzwa kwega kwega chimwe chezvinhu izvi zvitatu chinodzora. Pfungwa inopa kutungamira uye kubatana, chishuvo chinopa simba, uye mweya wemuviri unopa kutaridzika kwemuviri, pane izvo zvinoonekwa.

Mishumo dzimwe nguva inogamuchirwa yechitarisiko kune munhu wehama yeropa, mudiwa, kana shamwari yepedyo, uyo muviri wake, zvakadaro, uri kunzvimbo iri kure. Mishumo yacho inayo kuti iwo maapparitions anogara kwenguva pfupi chete; dzimwe nguva vanotumira meseji; dzimwe nguva havatauri chinhu; zvakadaro fungidziro yavanosiya pane munhu anovaona, ndeyekuve kubasa, kana njodzi, kana kutambudzika. Chitarisiko chakadai kazhinji chinosanganisirwa kufunga kweiyo iri kure nechikamu cheimwe mweya wake, uye nechido chekuburitsa meseji kana kuwana ruzivo. Mufungo wakadzama weiri kure, iye amene muchimiro chake chemuviri, akabatana nehama yake kana mudiwa; chishuwo sesimba chinoita kuti muratidziro wepfungwa yake nechimwe chikamu chemweya wake, zvichikosha kuti ape pfungwa yake uye ave nechido chekuonekwa kwechimiro chemuviri, uye nekudaro iye anowoneka mumuviri wake kune iye akafunga nezvake. Chitarisiko chinogara kwenguva yakareba sekufunga kwake kunoomerera kumunhu anenge afungidzirwa.

Munhu ane shungu yekuda kuziva mamiriro ehutano hwehama yake yaanotenda achirwara, kana kuyeuka chimwe chiratidzo mumugwagwa kana chaakamboshanyira, angadaro, nekufunga kwakanyanya uye chishuwo chekuwana ruzivo urwu. , atore kubva kumweya wake wepamoyo icho chikamu chaida kupa fomu kune yake pfungwa, uye ozomira pachezvake mupfungwa uye awane ruzivo, taura, nezvehutano hwaamai vake, kana sezita rakasimba pachiratidzo chemugwagwa, kana sekureva mamiriro chaiwo. Paanenge achifunga zvakadzama uye nekubatanidzwa (kwechido chake chekufunga, uye mweya wemuviri) unofungidzirwa kuenda kunzvimbo iri kure, zvinogona kuti "iye" anoonekwa achitarisa chiratidzo, kana akamira mukamuri yamai vake, kunyange asingazooni chero munhu anomuona. Iye achangoona iye chete munhu kana chinhu pakaiswa pfungwa yake. Chifananidzo pano chinodaidzwa kuti "iye," chinoonekwa nevanhu vechitatu sevakamira pamugwagwa pamberi pechiratidzo chemugwagwa, chinozoonekwa mumutengo wemumugwagwa, sekutonga, kunyangwe iye chaiye angave asina kudaro. Chikonzero ndechekuti kana achifunga nezvake seakamira mumugwagwa akatarisana nechiratidzo anofunga nezvake neake akapfeka ngowani uye nepfeko yemumugwagwa.

Kunze kwekunge iye ane ruzivo neyakareba tsika mukubuda mune yake yekufunga fomu uye nekudaro kuwana ruzivo, hapana ruzivo rwakananga kana rwakajeka ruchawanikwa maererano nemamiriro aripo, akadai saamai vanorwara, asi hapana chimwe chinopfuura chiratidzo zvichaitika. Mune zviitiko izvi mweya wekufunga unofungidzira kupfuura mamwe maviri. Maapparitions akadaro, uko pfungwa yemweya inonyanya kuitika, yakadaidzwa sanscrit term mayavi rupa, zvinoreva, fomu rekunyepedzera.

Mhosva iyo iyo mweya wemuviri inotonga zvimwe zvinhu zviviri, ndiko kuoneka kwechimwe munguva yekufa kwake. Nhoroondo dzakawanda dzinopihwa zvevanhu vakawoneka mumamiriro ekunyura, yekupondwa, yekufira munhandare yehondo, kana kubva mukukuvara nekuda kwechinonzi tsaona. Maapparitions akaonekwa nehama, vadikani, shamwari. Muzviitiko zvakawanda zvakazowonekwa kuti chokwadi chiitiko chakaonekwa panguva yekufa kweiye akaonekwa.

Kazhinji mizukwa yekirasi ino inoonekwa mushe, uye izvozvo zvakare nevanhu vasinganzi psychic. Panzvimbo yemunhu anonyura, mweya unowanzoonekwa uine madonhwe emvura achiwa kubva pamipfeko inodonha, maziso nekutya uye akasimbiswa pamusoro peiye kutarisa, iyo fomu yakasimba sehupenyu, uye mweya uzere nekutonhora kwemvura. . Chikonzero nei zvese izvi zvichinyatsobuda pachena uye chakafanana neakafa mweya ndechekuti mweya wemuviri wakaparadzaniswa kubva mumuviri wenyama nerufu uye chishuvo cheanofa chakapa simba iro rakatungamidza chiono ichi munguva diki nepasi pegungwa, uye iyo yekupedzisira yekufunga yemurume ari kufa akapa kuna iyeterter nzira akananga kumudiwa.

Mhosva apo chishuwo chinotonga kufunga uye chimiro chinopihwa nezviitiko zve "hagging" uye "kuchinja ganda," sekudanwa kwazvinoitwa nemavoodoos. Izvi zvinogara zvichiitwa nechinangwa chekuenda mupfungwa kune akabatwa. Muchiitiko chapihwa pamusoro chekubuda kwechipoko chepfungwa kana chipoko chenyama, kubuda kunogona kunge kuri nechinangwa chekubuda, kana kuti kungaitwe nekusaziva.

Hagging ndiko kutaridzika, kazhinji kwechimiro chake chemuviri, wemunhu anoda kumanikidza mumwe kuti ateerere kubhidha yake uye kuti aite chimwe chiito, chingave chekuuraya munhu wechitatu, kana kuva weimwe sangano. Izvo hazviitirwi nguva dzose kuti iye arikuonekwa aonekwe munyama yake. Anogona kuoneka semweni, asi hunhu hwake uye chishuvo chake hachizovanzika zvachose. Kuchinja ganda kunoendeswa kune varapi vakadaro kana hunhu hweanenge achizoonekwa huchiramba kune iye waanosarudza sechinhu chechishuwo chake. Kuchinja ganda kunoitwa kazhinji nechinangwa chekubatana, chingave chisingadiwe neumwe. Kazhinji kungoita bonde hakufambirwe asi kupinza kweimwe bonde simba. Iye "anoshandura ganda rake" anogona kunge asingade kuratidzika mune zvake, asi mudiki uye ave akanaka. Varapi vakadaro, zvisinei kuti vane masimba api, havagone kukuvadza munhu akachena. Kana chikumbiro chikaitwa "Ndiani uyu?" Mweya unofanirwa kuratidza chitupa chake uye chinangwa chake.

Avo vanoedza kuumba zvavanofunga kuva, kana kuti vangadana, mafomu ekufunga anogona kutora yambiro nekurangarira kuti nepo mafomu aya anogona kugadzirwa nemafungiro epfungwa, zvakadaro hapana munhu anofanira kuita zvisikwa zvakadaro kunze kwekunge anyatso kuziva nezve mitemo inovatonga. Hapana munhu anofanirwa kugadzira mafomu ekufunga kunze kwekuti riri basa rake. Izvo hazvisi kuzova basa rake kusvikira aziva.

Pfungwa dzemweya dzakagadzirwa kamwe uye dzikasashanda uye dzakatungidzwa mota, dzichava mota dzemagetsi zvisingaverengeke, uye zvinodzingwa zvevakafa, zvese zviri zvehando inotyisa uye yekutsiva. Iwo masimba nezvimiro zvichapinda muhomwe uye kuburikidza nawo kurwisa, tarisa nekuparadza iye musiki wegonyeti.

(Zvichaenderera mberi)